We review the motivations for studying ASM's (Mills, Robbins and Rumsey), the appearence of the "Laurent Phenomenon" (Fomin, Zelevinsky), the relation with the 6-Vertex Model of Statistical Mechanics, allowing for a simple proof of the enumeration (Kuperberg), and the proof of the Razumov-Stroganov original conjecture (Cantini, AS). The proof is based on the analysis of a Markov process on a Temperley-Lieb Algebra, and the generalization of a combinatorial bijection (called "gyration") due to Wieland.